Microsoft Azure Architect Technologies (AZ-300) Practice Exam

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What is a primary method to ensure data integrity during transmission?

Data replication
Hashing algorithms
Access control mechanisms
Encryption protocols

The correct answer is: Hashing algorithms

To ensure data integrity during transmission, hashing algorithms serve as a primary method by providing a way to validate that the data has not been altered during its journey from the source to the destination. These algorithms create a fixed-size hash value or checksum from the original data. When the data is transmitted, the hash value is also sent alongside it. Once the data reaches its destination, the receiving system computes the hash value from the received data and compares it with the original hash value. If the two match, it verifies that the data has remained unchanged, ensuring its integrity. In contrast, data replication is primarily focused on creating copies of data to ensure availability and disaster recovery, rather than verifying integrity during transmission. Access control mechanisms are essential for regulating who can access the data but do not address the integrity of the data being transmitted. Encryption protocols are important for ensuring data confidentiality and preventing unauthorized access during transmission, but they do not inherently confirm whether the data has been altered. Therefore, hashing algorithms specifically target the validation of data integrity during transmission, making them the correct choice.